- Timeline Vietnam history
VIETNAM HISTORY SUMMARY
When you travel to Vietnam, you definitely want to learn about our country's history. Respontravel is pleased to introduce you the history of Vietnam briefly
• Before 218 BC, Vietnam had no official history, at this time legend and history were still intertwined. People often refer to the legends of Kinh Duong Vuong, Lac Long Quan, Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Son Tinh - Thuy Tinh to explain the origin and struggle for survival of the nation.
• From 257 to 208 BC, Thuc Phan, the leader of the Au Viet people, merged with the Van Lang country of Lac Viet, named the country Au Lac, and called himself An Duong Vuong. During this period, history was recreated through the lens of legend with An Duong's construction of Co Loa citadel.
• From 217 - 111 BC, Trieu Da, originally from Han people, annexed Au Lac. This event is also reflected in the legend of the love of Trong Thuy and My Chau. After capturing Au Lac, Trieu Da founded Nam Viet. The Trieu Dynasty lasted 97 years with five kings: Trieu Da, Trieu Ho, Trieu An Te, Trieu Hung, and Trieu Kien Duc.
• In 113, the internal situation of the Trieu Dynasty was in turmoil, the Han Dynasty took the opportunity to send troops to fight Nam Viet and then changed the name of Nam Viet to Giao Chi.
• From 207 BC – 39 AD, Vietnam lived under the domination of the Han ( Sino) Dynasty.
• From 40 to 43, Hai Ba Trung uprising. After the victory, Trung Trac ascended the throne and established the capital in Me Linh ( near Hanoi)
• In 41, Ma Vien brought 200,000 troops to invade our country. In 43, Hai Ba Trung failed, had to jump into the Hat Giang River to die.
• From 43 to 543, Vietnam lived under the yoke of feudalism of the Sino. At this time, there was an uprising of Ba Trieu against the Dong Ngo army. Mrs. Trieu claimed to be Dai Hai Ba Vuong, fought with General Dong Ngo, Luc Dan, but failed.
• From 544 to 548, the uprising of Ly Bi 544, Ly Nam De proclaimed king, named the country Van Xuan.
• From 548 to 571, Trieu Quang Phuc continued to fight against the Luong army and ascended the throne as Trieu Viet Vuong.
• From 571 to 602, Ly Phat Tu, a relative of Ly Nam De, defeated Trieu Viet Vuong and ascended the throne. During this period, the Northern feudalism was invaded by the Sui Dynasty. Ly Phat Tu surrendered, Vietnam was colonized by the Sui Dynasty.
• In 722, the Mai Thuc Loan uprising. Later, the uprising failed, our country was under the domination of the Tang Dynasty.
• From 791 to 802. The Phung Hung uprising was successful. In 802, the Tang Dynasty attacked, Vietnam was again under the domination of the Tang Dynasty.
• From 905 to 938, the period of self-determination began with the victory of the Khuc Thua Du uprising. Then followed by Khuc Thua Hao, Khuc Thua My, Duong Dinh Nghe.
• From 939 to 944, Ngo Quyen defeated the Southern Han army on Bach Dang river, ascended the throne and established the capital in Co Loa.
• From 944 to 950, Duong Tam Kha usurped the throne and proclaimed himself king.
• From 950 to 965, the Later Wu King period. Ngo Quyen's son Ngo Xuong Van overthrew Duong Tam Kha and regained the throne for the Ngo dynasty.
• From 966 to 968, there were 12 warlords.
• From 968 to 980, Dinh Bo Linh quelled 12 warlords to the throne. Dinh Tien Hoang named the country Dai Co Viet and took Hoa Lu as the capital. In 979, Dinh Tien Hoang was killed by Do Thich, his six-year-old son Dinh Toan was brought to the throne by courtiers.
• From 980 to 1005. The Song Dynasty invaded Vietnam, Queen Duong Van Nga, Dinh Toan's mother invited Le Hoan to the throne to command the people against the Song. Le Dai Hanh ascended the throne, established the capital in Hoa Lu in 1005, Le Dai Hanh died.
• From 1005 to 1009, the era of Le Trung Tong and Le Ngoa Trieu.
• From 1010 to 1028. Ly Cong Uan was crowned emperor by courtiers after Le Ngoa Trieu died. In 1010, Ly Thai To (Ly Cong Uan) moved the capital to Thang Long (present-day Hanoi), opening the period of Thang Long cultural development.
• From 1028 to 1054, the reign of Ly Thai Tong.
• From 1054 to 1072, the reign of Ly Thanh Tong.
• From 1072 to 1128, the reign of Ly Nhan Tong. This period is associated with the feats of Ly Thuong Kiet against the Song army and the victories on the diplomatic front of Thai monk Le Van Thinh.
• From 1128 to 1138, the reign of Ly Than Tong.
• From 1138 to 1175, the reign of Ly Anh Tong. During this period, the government was in turmoil, but thanks to the loyalists, the Ly dynasty was still maintained.
• From 1176 to 1210, the reign of Ly Cao Tong. This period is the ruin, the war, the constant famine. The Ly Dynasty began to decline.
• From 1211 to 1225, the reigns of Ly Hue Tong and Chieu Hoang. During this period, the government was in turmoil, people's hearts were scattered, and the Ly dynasty could no longer take on the historical role. Tran Thu Do and his close friends in the Tran family made a legal court coup, through the marriages between princess Chieu Thanh and Tran Canh, forcing the princess to cede the throne to her husband.
• From 1225 began the Tran dynasty.
• From 1225 to 1258, the reign of Tran Thai Tong. In 1258, the first resistance against the Mongols was fought. Our people used guerrilla warfare and empty gardens to drain the enemy's life force, then organized a counterattack in Dong Bo Dau. The Nguyen army lost and had to retreat to the country.
• From 1258 to 1278, the reign of Tran Thanh Tong. During this period, the Tran dynasty encouraged reclamation of wasteland, expanded manor estates, opened examinations to select talents, and implemented a flexible foreign policy with the Northern feudal court.
• From 1279 to 1293, the reign of Tran Nhan Tong. In 1285, the second resistance war against the Yuan Mongols. The Tran kings held a military conference in Binh Than, exercised in Dong Bo Dau, and held the Dien Hong conference, asking the elders for advice on whether to "draw" or "fight". After the victories of Chuong Duong, Ham Tu, Tay Ket and Van Kiep, in June 1285, Thang Long capital was liberated. In 1288, the third resistance against the Mongols was fought. After the battle on Bach Dang River, the country was liberated. The historic victory is associated with the life and career of Hung Dao Vuong Tran Quoc Tuan.
• From 1293 to 1314, the reign of Tran Anh Tong. This was a peaceful and prosperous period of the Tran dynasty.
• From 1314 to 1329, the reign of Tran Minh Tong.
• From 1329 to 1341, the reign of Tran Hien Tong.
• From 1341 to 1369, the reign of Tran Du Tong. The very beginning of ruin, deities abound.
• From 1370 - 1372, the reign of Tran Nghe Tong. Chiem Thanh army attacked the capital, the king had to take refuge. Then ceded the throne to me, Tran Due Tong.
• From 1372 to 1377, the reign of Tran Due Tong. The king took his army to fight Champa and died in battle.
• From 1377 to 1388, the reign of Emperor Tran Phe. Ho Quy Ly began to manipulate the court.
• From 1388 to 1398, the reign of Tran Thuan Tong. During this period, power was actually in the hands of Ho Quy Ly.
• From 1398 to 1400, the reign of Tran Thieu De. In 1400, Ho Quy Ly forced Thieu Emperor to cede the throne. The Tran dynasty ended.
• From 1400 - 1401, Ho Quy Ly dynasty. Many bold reforms were implemented such as expanding examinations, issuing banknotes, strengthening the standing army, and shaping laws. However, these reforms were not supported by the entire population.
• From 1401 to 1407, during the reign of Ho Han Thuong, in fact, Ho Quy Ly was still in power. The Ming army invaded.
• From 1407 to 1414, the post-Tran period consisted of the dynasties of Emperor Gian Dinh and Emperor Trung Quang who fought against the Ming army but were unsuccessful.
• From 1428 to 1433, the beginning of the Le So dynasty began with the reign of Le Thai To (Le Loi). In 1418, Le Loi started an army. In 1427, the Ming army lost and had to withdraw. 1428 Nguyen Trai on behalf of the king wrote "Binh Ngo Dai Cao", a declaration of independence of our country, affirming sovereignty and territory, marking a new development in the history of building and defending the country.
• From 1433 to 1442, the reign of Le Thai Tong. During this period, there was a big historical case: "Tru di Tam Toc" Nguyen Trai.
• From 1442 to 1459, the reign of Le Nhan Tong. During the Le Nghi Dan rebellion, the king was killed at the age of 19.
• From 1460 to 1497, the reign of Le Thanh Tong. This was the heyday of the Le Dynasty with the introduction of the Hong Duc Code - a complete and progressive code of law.
• From 1498 to 1504, the reign of Le Hien Tong.
• From 1504 to 1509, the reign of Le Tuc Tong, then Le Uy Muc.
• From 1509 to 1516, the reign of Le Tuong Duc. The Le Dynasty declined.
• From 1516 to 1522, the reign of Le Chieu Tong. The great god Mac Dang Dung deposed Le Chieu Tong and built Le Cung Hoang to the throne.
• From 1522 to 1527, during the reign of Le Cung Hoang, the real power was in the hands of the Mac family.
• From 1527 to 1529, Mac Dang Dung founded the Mac dynasty.
• From 1530 to 1592, the dynasties of Mac Dang Doanh, Mac Phuc Hai, Mac Phuc Nguyen, and Mac Mau Hop.
• From 1533 to 1578, the Le Trung Hung dynasty began with Le Trung Tong, Le Anh Tong, Le Kinh Tong, Le Than Tong, Le Chan Tong, Le Huyen Tong, Le Gia Tong, Le Hy Tong, and Le Du Tong. , Le Du Phuong, Le Thuan Tong, Le Yy Tong, Le Hien Tong, Le Chieu Thong. After 50 civil war Le - Mac, thanks to Trinh Tung Mac Mau Hop was arrested. The Mac Dynasty ended. The role of the Trinh dynasty emerged and began the period of King Le and Lord Trinh. In the last period of the Le Trung Hung dynasty, the main dynasty was in ruins. Nguyen Hue pulled troops to the North to suppress Trinh, and brought Le Duy Can up to be the head of state. Le Chieu Thong for his personal benefit went to the Manchu Dynasty for help. The Thanh army pulled troops to invade Vietnam.
• In 1789, the battle of Dong Da. The Tay Son army under the command of Nguyen Hue defeated the Qing army, gaining independence for the country.
• From 1545 to 1788, the Trinh dynasty held real power in addition to the existence of King Le and Lord Nguyen The South (starting with Lord Nguyen Hoang - 1558).
• In 1548 Trinh Kiem began to take control of the army. Trinh Kiem's reign lasted from 1545 to 1570. It was followed by the lords Trinh Trang, Trinh Tac, Trinh Can, Trinh Cuong, Trinh Giang, Trinh Doanh, Trinh Sam, Trinh Can, Trinh Khai and Trinh Bong.
• From 1672, there was a division between the Inner (Nguyen Lords) and the Outer (Trinh Lords + Le Kings) with Gianh River as the demarcation line.
• 1782 rebels. This event is described very well in the historical novel - "Hoang Le Nhat Thong Chi".
• 1558, Nguyen Hoang entered the town of Thuan Hoa, Quang Nam. Starting from here, the Nguyen dynasty started with 9 lords: Nguyen Hoang, Nguyen Phuc Nguyen, Nguyen Phuc Lan, Nguyen Phuc Tan, Nguyen Phuc Thai, Nguyen Phuc Chu, Nguyen Phuc Thu, Nguyen Phuc Khoat, Nguyen Phuc Thuan. By 1174, Trinh's army captured Phu Xuan and set up a ruler to rule Thuan Hoa. Nguyen Phuc Thuan died, ending the historical period of 9 Lords of Nguyen Dang.
• From 1778 to 1802, Tay Son dynasty.
• In 1771, the Tay Son brothers (Nguyen Nhac, Nguyen Lu, Nguyen Hue) waved the uprising flag. The Tay Son dynasty made peace with the Trinh lord to fight the Nguyen lord.
• 1778 Nguyen Nhac ascended the throne, establishing the Tay Son dynasty.
• 1784 Nguyen Anh went to Siam to seek help. Nguyen Hue defeated the Siamese army at the battle of Rach Giam - Xoai Mut.
• 1786, Nguyen Hue went to Thang Long to kill Trinh Phu Le.
• 1788, Le Chieu Thong led the Qing army to invade our country.
• 1789, Nguyen Hue led a large army to defeat the Thanh army at Ngoc Hoi, Dong Da.
• 1792 King Quang Trung (Nguyen Hue) passed away. From here the Tay Son dynasty began to decline.
• From 1793 to 1802, the reign of Canh Thinh (son of King Quang Trung). It was the confusion caused by the king believing in false words.
• 1800 Nguyen Anh attacked Quy Nhon.
• 1801 Nguyen Anh attacked Phu Xuan.
• 1802 Nguyen Anh attacked Thang Long citadel ( Hanoi) The Tay Son Dynasty ended.
• From 1802 to 1945, the reign of the Nguyen Dynasty, starting from Nguyen Anh (Gia Long). If including the Nguyen lords, starting from Nguyen Hoang (1558), the Nguyen Dynasty existed in the South for 367 years.
• 1802, after defeating the Tay Son Dynasty, Nguyen Anh ascended the throne and took the reign of Gia Long, stationed the capital in Phu Xuan (Hue).
• 1815 "Kingdom of Penal Law" was promulgated.
• From 1820 to 1840, the reign of Minh Mang.
• In 1821, Quoc Tu Giam was rebuilt, opened a contest and a family contest. Implement agricultural extension policies, learn European shipbuilding techniques. Regarding diplomacy: submitting to the Qing Dynasty, but distrusting the French, there were a series of policies that prohibited religion.
• From 1841 to 1847, the reign of Thieu Tri.
• From 1847 to 1883, the reign of Tu Duc.
• 1858 France opened fire to invade Cochinchina.
• 1883 Peace Treaty of Quy Mui.
• 1885 Peace Treaty of Patton, Vietnam was divided into three regions: North, Central, and South, under the protection of France.
• 1883, Duc Duc dynasty, only lasted for three days.
• 1883 (June – November) Hiep Hoa dynasty, which lasted for six months.
• 1883 – 1884, Kien Phuc Dynasty, existed for eight months.
• 1884 - 1885, during the reign of Ham Nghi, the king issued the Can Vuong decree, calling on the people to oppose the French.
• 1885 - 1888 Dong Khanh dynasty.
• 1889 - 1907 reign of Thanh Thai. The king had a sense of self-reliance, so he was not accepted by the French colonialists.
• 1907, the king was forced to abdicate.
• 1907 - 1916, during the Duy Tan dynasty, the king was fiercely against the French and was about to organize an uprising, but it was revealed. The king was exiled by the French to the island of Renyon.
• 1916 – 1925, Khai Dinh dynasty, a first-class puppet king.
• 1926 - 1945 Bao Dai dynasty. In 1945, Bao Dai resigned, ending the feudal system that existed for thousands of years in Vietnam.
• 1859 - 1864, Truong Dinh uprising.
• 1861 - 1868 Nguyen Trung Truc uprising.
• 1886 – 1887, Ba Dinh uprising.
• 1885 - 1887, Bai Say uprising.
• 1886 – 1892, Hung Linh uprising.
• 1885 - 1896, Huong Khe uprising.
• 1887 – 1913, Yen The uprising.
• 1917 - 1918, Thai Nguyen uprising.
• 1921, riots in Lang Son.
• 1930, riots in Yen Bai.
• February 3, 1930, the Indochinese Communist Party was born.
• 1931, the Nghe Tinh Soviet movement.
• 1936 – 1939, the movement for democracy openly.
• September 9, 1945 The Democratic Republic of Vietnam was born.
• 1946 nationwide resistance war.
• 1954 Dien Bien Phu victory, France must sign the Geneva Agreement to restore peace in Indochina.
• 1960 Dong Khoi. The National Front for the Liberation of the South was born.
• 1968, the Tet Offensive. The US intensified its war to destroy the North.
• 1972 victory over B52, the US had to have a conference in Paris.
• On January 27, 1973, signed the Peace Agreement and ended the war in Vietnam. America withdrew.
• April 30, 1975, Ho Chi Minh campaign won, the South was completely under control of communist
• On July 2, 1976, the 6th National Assembly, at its first session, decided to change the name of our country to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
• 1986 Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, setting out the reform policy.
